A new world order is emerging, with multiple centres of power. But will this order be multilateral, with governments accepting global rules and institutions? Or will the strongest states assert their interests unilaterally, without regard to international law? The relationship between the EU and China could determine the outcome. If the Europeans can persuade China that multilateralism serves its interests, the international system may tilt towards co-operation rather than competition. The authors argue that the EU and China should build a strategic partnership focused on global issues that matter to both sides and are best addressed multilaterally: climate change, nuclear proliferation, Africa and maintaining an open system of trade and investment.

Charles Grant is director and Katinka Barysch is deputy director of the Centre for European Reform.