• Briefing note by Charles Grant, 05 December 2003

    The deal struck between Britain, France and Germany on the future of European defence is good news for those who believe that the EU should focus more on military capabilities than institutions.

  • Briefing note by Charles Grant, 03 October 2003

    European defence has returned to the top of EU governments’ agendas this year, with the divisions provoked by the Iraq war making it a highly sensitive subject. It is possible to argue that the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) has proceeded according to plan in 2003.

  • Bulletin article by Daniel Keohane , 01 August 2003

    The EU has lost its military virginity. At the request of the UN, the EU sent 1,500 troops to Congo at the beginning of June 2003. The Congo mission is significant for two reasons: it is both the first autonomous EU mission - one that does not rely on NATO's help - and the EU's first military operation outside Europe.

  • Working paper by Daniel Keohane, 06 December 2002

    Europe needs more military capabilities. Yet European defence budgets are static, and the cost of new military technologies is soaring. It is clear that governments need to extract more value out of each euro they spend.

  • Working paper by Dr Kori Schake , 04 January 2002

    In 'Constructive duplication', Kori Schake asserts that the Bush administration has taken a positive approach to the European Union's attempts to develop a military capability.

  • Working paper by Bruno Tertrais, 06 April 2001

    In Europe, both governments and the broad spread of public opinion have been largely sceptical about, or opposed to, missile defence.

  • Report by Charles Grant, 02 March 2001

    The creation of the single European currency, a revolutionary innovation for the European Union (EU), has provoked tumultuous debate across the continent and beyond. Yet the EU's plans for a common defence policy have - thus far - attracted less attention.

  • Working paper by Alex Ashourne, 03 November 2000

    Many European defence companies aspire to gain access to the US defence market. America has the largest defence budget in the world – some $280 billion, or 3.3 per cent of GDP in 2000 – and is the source of much of the world's most advanced defence technology.